Workforce Planning Case Study · NDA

Workforce & Headcount Planning

Internal tools for headcount planning, debt management, and org restructuring, used by org leaders, Finance, and HR teams across Meta.

Company
Meta
Role
IC5 → IC6 Product Designer
Scope
Strategy · Design 0→1 · Iteration
Team
Workforce Planning
Year
2022–2025
Domain
Enterprise · HR · Org Planning
Org Tool workforce planning interfaceIllustrative data

Illustrative data: every figure, name, and org shown in these screens is fabricated. See the full NDA note below.

$456M+
Debt payback supported across 14 business pillars
1,080 hrs
Mission Control time saved
3 weeks
Saved in the annual planning process

Meta shifted annual headcount planning from tracking positions to tracking dollars, bringing Finance in as a stakeholder for the first time in a process previously owned by HR and org leaders alone.

Before

Headcount tracked in positions only (no dollar visibility); Finance absent; static spreadsheets that quickly went stale; weeks of back-and-forth per cycle; no single source of truth.

After the Shift

Finance integrated as a core stakeholder; compensation data highly sensitive (tied to levels, locations, and roles); org leaders responsible for financial decisions alongside headcount (two distinct cognitive loads); complex permission architecture required.

The goal

Build the first company-wide tool where org leaders, Finance, and Mission Control plan headcount in dollars together, from goal setting through approval to publishing into live systems.

Org Leaders persona
Org Leaders
"I need to make headcount and budget decisions in one place with full context."
Mission Control persona
Mission Control
"I need to ensure planning decisions stay within policy and flag compliance risk."
Finance Manager persona
Finance Manager
"I need to set and enforce budget limits and help org leaders maximize their budget."

Permission Complexity

Dollar values tied to levels, locations, and roles required airtight architecture to prevent data leaks.

New Users, Existing Workflow

Designing for Finance's mental model without disrupting how org leaders and HR already worked.

Organizational Change

Helping a massive organization change how it thinks about planning, requiring proactive design leadership.

This was fundamentally an organizational-change problem, not just a UI problem. Instead of executing on a handed-down spec, I used journey maps to make a critical tension visible: org leaders now had two distinct cognitive tasks (headcount and dollars) they had never had to hold at once. Seeing that tension mapped out drove the decision to keep decisions integrated in a single view rather than splitting tools, and to architect permissions around who could see each half.

As the sole product designer on a team of 18 engineers, 1 PM, 3 business partners, a content designer, and a UX researcher, I stayed embedded in strategy rooms before requirements were written, creating shared user journeys and defining JTBD to drive cross-functional alignment. I also ran a standing feedback loop with our own org leadership, so I had a live org leader point of view in the room rather than only in research sessions.

Her ability to juggle dozens of requirements docs, chats, Tasks, spreadsheets, Figmas and pull out the core information needed from each XFN is an incredible feat. Without that level of prioritization and partnering, the Workforce Planning projects would have been absolute chaos.

Content Designer, Meta

Annual planning is a long, multi-player workflow, and the cycle would not wait. Rather than build something thin across all of it, I prioritized the stages where all three roles collided and left the rest out of the MVP.

Out of scope
Top-down strategy
Bottom-up guidance
Executive budget negotiation
MVP scope
Budget distribution
Internal allocation
Position adjustments
Review & approval
Publish to live data

Everything I kept was a place where org leaders, Finance, and Mission Control had to act on the same plan at the same time. What I cut happened before the plan existed, or in rooms a tool was not going to change.

The other tradeoff was structural. Raw tables matched how Finance works, not how org leaders do, and testing made that gap obvious. Org leader feedback drove an integrated org chart view before launch, so the same plan could be read as a table or as an organization.

One Platform, Every Plan Type

Rather than building a separate tool for each kind of plan, we built one platform. Underneath, every plan is made of the same three moves:

  • Add. A new position created against the plan’s budget.
  • Value change. Changing an existing position’s level, location, team, or manager.
  • Return. Giving a position back to Finance, which pays down headcount debt.

I led design on each of the four:

  • Headcount Annual Budget Planning (featured below). Led design for the positions-to-dollars methodology shift, bringing Finance into headcount planning. Shipped on time for the 2024 cycle, saving 3 weeks of process steps and back-and-forth conversations.
  • Ongoing Debt Management. A lighter-weight plan type utilizing the same platform architecture to pay down headcount debt via positions and lines of credit. Reduced manual processing across 14 pillars, supporting $456M+ in debt payback and saving 1,080 Mission Control hours.
  • Reorg Planning. Built the reorg user journey and JTBD framework to align cross-functional stakeholders on scope and sequence. Ran usability testing with org leaders, synthesized findings, and shipped end-to-end designs supporting position movement and debt redistribution that directly influenced the H2 2024 roadmap.
  • Contingency Planning. For headcount priorities that surfaced mid-year and were never in the annual plan. Designed the add-only flow, where new positions are created against budget without the return path the other plan types carry, so mid-year growth could still be funded, reviewed, and published through the same pipeline.

What separates the four plan types is which of those moves each one allows.

Which position changes each plan type allows
Change type Annual plan Reorg Debt payback Contingency
AddAllowedNot allowedNot allowedAllowed
Value changeAllowedAllowedNot allowedAllowed
Return to FinanceAllowedAllowedAllowedNot allowed

One system, with a different set of permissions on the same three actions. Contingency never returns a position, because its whole purpose is growth; debt payback only returns, because that is what paying down debt is.

The Access Model Underneath

Access was the hardest structural problem underneath all of them. A single plan spanned pillars with different budget owners, so permission had to be granted per goal rather than per plan, then inherited by every position inside it. Three roles:

  • Budget owner. Accountable for the goal, and the only person who could submit it for review.
  • Collaborators. Saw everything the owner saw and worked the goal alongside them.
  • Limited collaborators. Worked the position details with every dollar figure locked.

Walking Through a Plan

The screens below follow a single Headcount Annual Budget Planning cycle end to end, from scoping the plan through review, publish, and audit. Three mechanics run underneath all of it:

  • Every goal carries a delta. A positive delta means an organization can add headcount budget for new investment. A negative delta means it has to reduce, either by adjusting open position details or by returning positions to Finance.
  • The org chart has two views. Team view is structured around product teams, so you can see whether each team is resourced. Leader view is organized by span of control, so you can see whether a leader has the right number of direct reports.
  • Approval has two gates. Finance verifies that changes stay inside budget and works through any exceptions. Mission Control then runs a final check that HR guidelines are met.
NDA note: Screens and artifacts for this project are confidential under NDA. Everything shown here was rebuilt from memory to convey the design decisions. Every figure, name, org, and data point shown is fabricated and does not reflect real Meta budgets, headcount, financials, or organizational structure.

Because annual planning timelines were extremely tight, formal usability testing and validation were primarily conducted during the Reorg project. Testing surfaced a key gap: users lacked clarity on process stages. I redesigned the flow into clear, stepped stages so people always knew what phase they were in.

Post-launch research surfaced two structural tensions, each with a fix already planned:

1,080 hrs
Mission Control time saved
3 weeks
Saved in annual planning process steps
$456M+
In debt payback across 14 business pillars
92%
Positive product feedback

Keep Doing

Driving alignment between the product team and stakeholders, and being part of strategy. Deeply understanding the business problems and how they affect the company. Documenting user journeys and connecting them to the design solution before design is finalized.

Improve

Do research earlier and more often. Create more catered experiences for how an org leader plans versus Finance and Mission Control. If I were still on this project today, I would use AI to make the process more efficient and more personalized.

Complex enterprise spaces require designing for the organization just as much as the interface. Leading workforce planning at Meta reinforced that structural success comes from operating across the entire product lifecycle: bridging the gap between Finance's spreadsheets, HR's workflows, and leadership's goals. True design leadership at this scale means translating institutional complexity into a cohesive system that aligns an entire company.

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